Childhood and adolescence account for a quarter of our time in the sun [1]. This has its advantages and disadvantages, here's why.
Cons
UV light causes burns
The sun is especially dangerous for babies because they have little to no production of the protective pigment melanin. Infants do not tan, they almost immediately get sunburned. That's why children under six months old should not be in direct sunlight. This rule also applies to children with dark skin [2].
Increases the likelihood of cancer
UV rays don't just make your skin red, they damage your cell’s DNA. Years into the future, this can lead to skin cancer. The more burns you had as a child and young adult, the higher your risk [3].
Pros
Starts the synthesis of vitamin D
This substance is responsible for bone density and regulates dozens of other processes in the body [4]. It’s important to mention, though, that the sun is not the only way to get vitamin D, and it's not worth putting the health of your skin at risk to obtain it. Talk to your pediatrician about whether you should supplement your child’s diet with vitamin D.
Good for development
Children who spend time in the sunlight develop better physically, mentally, and emotionally [5]. That does not mean that the child has to be outside all day. Just make sure to expose them to natural sunlight at the safest times (before 11 a.m. or after 4 p.m.) and keep your blinds and curtains open during the day.
Establishes a good night's sleep
Daylight is the primary regulator of sleep and wakefulness rhythms. If your child sleeps for long periods in the morning and is awake at night, try exposing them safely to plenty of sunlight. That may be enough to regulate their sleeping cycle [6].
