One in three women will experience leg cramps during the second half of pregnancy. Though unpleasant, it is not cause for alarm [1].
What causes leg cramps during pregnancy?
The main cause behind leg cramps during pregnancy is the hormone relaxin. It suppresses the flow of calcium to the uterus to relax the muscles and protect you from premature labor. The problem is that calcium intake into the muscles below the uterus also decreases, causing the muscles to relax. Dehydration, fatigue, and decreased blood circulation are also contributing factors [1].
Why do cramps often occur while I am sleeping?
This aspect is not yet understood, but it has been linked to a deficiency in calcium and magnesium [2].
How are cramps treated?
There is no medical treatment for leg cramps. They are extremely uncomfortable and may even be painful, but they pose no danger to you or your baby. The good news is that they disappear after giving birth. Many women find they interfere with sleep, so their doctor may recommend a calcium supplement to alleviate them (slightly) [1]. Magnesium supplements can be soothing, but studies have shown they do not address the root problem.
Most women find that stretching, flexing their legs during the day, drinking plenty of water, and giving themselves a light foot massage can help. To deal with a spasm once it has begun, change your position, straighten your knee, and sit or lie down until the spasm passes [3]. These methods have not been proven, but they pose no risk, so it’s worth giving them a try [4].
